mRNA
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries information on how to construct a protein. It is transcribed from DNA and taken to ribosomes. Ribosomes "read" mRNA to link amino acids together in a specific sequence.
rRNA
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is also transcribed from DNA but is not a code carrier. This RNA becomes a structural part of the protein synthesizing molecular machines known as ribosomes.
tRNA
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) has a coding section and an amino acid carrying section. The code identifies which amino acid is carried so that the proper amino acids are used at ribosomes during protein synthesis.
MicroRNA
4. A microRNA (miRNA) is a short, non-coding RNA. miRNA molecules are complementary to parts of mRNA sequences and regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA to inhibit protein translation.
RNA Genomes
5. Although cellular life forms have DNA genomes, the same is not always true of viruses. Depending on the virus, a virus can have a DNA, or single or double stranded RNA genome.
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